Image from: http://infosyncratic.nl/weblog/2015/03/03/how-to-make-something-that-makes-almost-anything-mechanisms/
In order to understand how the body moves, the understanding of how joints function is essential to know. Three different functional joint classifications will be covered; Diarthrodial (Synovial), Synarthrodial (fibrous), and Amphiarthrodial (Cartilaginous) joints.
Diarthrodial (Synovial) joints are the type of joints that you would normally think about if someone mentioned the word. In the above image, six of the seven joints are shown. Diarthroses joints have the highest range of motion of any joint type. These joints will be discussed further in detail functionally. This is, the movement that each type of joint allows.
Plane - This type of joint allows sliding of the two bones over one another
Hinge - Allows on plane of motion (flexion/extension)
Pivot - Allows one plane of motion (rotation, pronation/supination)
Condylar - Biaxial (flexion/extension and small amounts of rotation)
Ellipsoid - Biaxial (Flexion/extension and abduction/adduction)
Saddle - Biaxial (flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and small amounts of rotation)
Ball-and-Socket - Triaxial (flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal/external rotation)
Synarthrodial (Fibrous) joints - allow little to no movement between bones and hold bones together. Examples of a synarthrodial joint are the sutures of the skull and the gomphoses that connect the teeth to the skull.
Amphiarthrodial (Cartilaginous) joints - Hold bones together with hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage, movement is limited. Examples of an amphiarthrodial joint include the intervertebral disks of the spine and the pubic symphysis.
Information obtained from the textbook Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement 4th Ed and http://www.innerbody.com/image/skel07.html
Diarthrodial (Synovial) joints are the type of joints that you would normally think about if someone mentioned the word. In the above image, six of the seven joints are shown. Diarthroses joints have the highest range of motion of any joint type. These joints will be discussed further in detail functionally. This is, the movement that each type of joint allows.
Plane - This type of joint allows sliding of the two bones over one another
Hinge - Allows on plane of motion (flexion/extension)
Pivot - Allows one plane of motion (rotation, pronation/supination)
Condylar - Biaxial (flexion/extension and small amounts of rotation)
Ellipsoid - Biaxial (Flexion/extension and abduction/adduction)
Saddle - Biaxial (flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and small amounts of rotation)
Ball-and-Socket - Triaxial (flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal/external rotation)
Synarthrodial (Fibrous) joints - allow little to no movement between bones and hold bones together. Examples of a synarthrodial joint are the sutures of the skull and the gomphoses that connect the teeth to the skull.
Amphiarthrodial (Cartilaginous) joints - Hold bones together with hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage, movement is limited. Examples of an amphiarthrodial joint include the intervertebral disks of the spine and the pubic symphysis.
Information obtained from the textbook Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement 4th Ed and http://www.innerbody.com/image/skel07.html